What is NATO?.

What is the full form of NATO?

The full form of NATO is North Atlantic Treaty Organization and it is also known as Atlantic Alliance. In Hindi, NATO is called the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is a common political and military organization of North America and Europe. It was built here in the year 1949. The first and foremost objective of this organization formed after World War II was to limit the growing scope of the Soviet Union. Apart from this, America also used it to prevent nationalist ideas from flourishing in Europe. In order to establish political unity in the European continent.  

Although NATO was started in 1947 with the Dunkirk Treaty between France and Britain. After the Second World War, this treaty was made to face together in case of attack from Germany. When NATO was formed in 1949, it had 12 founding members - the United States, Britain, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway and Portugal.

Basically this organization works on the policy of shared security. Its purpose is that if a foreign country attacks a NATO member country, then the rest of the member countries will protect the country under attack by military and political means. The most important thing about shared security is written in Article 5 of the NATO Declaration. Accordingly,  

"If any one or more members of North America or Europe are attacked with weapons, then all are considered to have been attacked. Also, if such an armed attack takes place, everyone will suffer the attack, in accordance with Article 51 of the United Nations Declaration. may take action to protect and maintain the security of the North Atlantic region by military means, if necessary, by the State Party either singly or together and in consultation with other members."

The US once used Article 5 after the 9/11 attacks in 2001. Separate representative organizations have been formed for political and military activities in NATO. The North Atlantic Council and the Nuclear Strategy Group have been formed for political matters. Along with this, a military committee has been formed for military activities, which has its own command center.

Doors open for european countries

NATO is also one of the reasons behind the increased tension between Russia and Ukraine. Ukraine aspires to become a member of NATO. This means that there can be a permanent presence of NATO forces up to the border of Russia. NATO welcomed the wishes of Ukraine and Georgia to become NATO members at the 2008 Bucharest summit. But due to some reason the membership was not given. Ukraine, once part of the Soviet Union, becoming a NATO member did not suit the Russian regime. Article 10 of the NATO treaty gives an open invitation to become a member. According to this, any European country that wishes to promote and maintain the security of the North Atlantic region can become a member. 

To be a member of NATO, being a European country is a necessary condition. But NATO has established relations with many other countries to increase its reach. Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia are allies of NATO in the Mediterranean region. NATO has also played a role in Pakistan and Afghanistan in South Asia.

List of members of NATO.

The original members of NATO in 1949 were Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. But now the number of member countries has reached close to 30.